It characterizes studies in Brazilian Information Science that connect gender and/or women and the Knowledge Organization (KO). The study is characterized as exploratory, descriptive, presenting bibliographical research as a data collection procedure. The bibliographic research was carried out in the Information Science Database (BRAPCI) and in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD). 42 scientific works were analyzed, including articles, dissertations, and theses. The first publication on the subject in the literature analyzed is from 2010, highlighting its incipience, (...) considering that 58% of publications are from 2017 to the present. Considering their objectives, the research was categorized into the three dimensions of ISKO-Brazil: epistemological, applied, political, and social. 22% of the research was categorized into the epistemological dimension, 39% into the applied dimension, and 39% into the political and social dimension. The epistemological dimension of KO concerning gender presents significant challenges, but also opportunities for theoretical and methodological advances that can contribute to a fairer and more inclusive representation of knowledge. Critical analysis of the work shows that, although there is progress, it is still incipient to ensure that KO is truly inclusive and representative of diverse gender identities. (shrink)

Taxa and homologues can in our view be construed both as kinds and as individuals. However, the conceptualization of taxa as natural kinds in the sense of homeostatic property cluster kinds has been criticized by some systematists, as it seems that even such kinds cannot evolve due to their being homeostatic. We reply by arguing that the treatment of transformational and taxic homologies, respectively, as dynamic and static aspects of the same homeostatic property cluster kind represents a good perspective for (...) supporting the conceptualization of taxa as kinds. The focus on a phenomenon of homology based on causal processes (e.g., connectivity, activity-function, genetics, inheritance, and modularity) and implying relationship with modification yields a notion of natural kinds conforming to the phylogenetic-evolutionary framework. Nevertheless, homeostatic property cluster kinds in taxonomic and evolutionary practice must be rooted in the primacy of epistemological classification (homology as observational properties) over metaphysical generalization (series of transformation and common ancestry as unobservational processes). The perspective of individuating characters exclusively by historical-transformational independence instead of their developmental, structural, and functional independence fails to yield a sufficient practical interplay between theory and observation. Purely ontological and ostensional perspectives in evolution and phylogeny (e.g., an ideographic character concept and PhyloCode’s ‘individualism’ of clades) may be pragmatically contested in the case of urgent issues in biodiversity research, conservation, and systematics. (shrink)

A scholar of Hellenistic and Prussian history, Droysen developed a historical theory that at the time was unprecedented in range and depth, and which remains to the present day a valuable key for understanding history as both an idea and a professional practice. Arthur Alfaix Assis interprets Droysen’s theoretical project as an attempt to redefine the function of historiography within the context of a rising criticism of exemplar theories of history, and focuses on Droysen’s claim that the goal underlying (...) historical writing and reading should be the development of the subjective capacity to think historically. In addition, Assis examines the connections and disconnections between Droysen’s theory of historical thinking, his practice of historical thought, and his political activism. Ultimately, Assis not only shows how Droysen helped reinvent the relationship between historical knowledge and human agency, but also traces some of the contradictions and limitations inherent to that project. (shrink)

Richard Rorty propõe uma concepção de conhecimento que abandone a pretensão de objetividade entendida como uma representação fiel do mundo em nossa mente ou na linguagem. Para ele, se o mundo não torna nossas crenças verdadeiras ou falsas e sim que elas são justificadas socialmente, o conhecimento não pode ser uma questão de adequação com a realidade, e sim de concordância entre os membros de determinada comunidade. Com isso, Rorty abandona a pretensão de uma epistemologia de caráter universal e propõe (...) uma concepção de conhecimento que só pode ser justificada localmente, abrindo alas dessa forma para o seu etnocentrismo, assim como para sua defesa da ideia do conhecimento como solidariedade e da razão como conversação. Este artigo pretende apontar alguns limites da proposta neopragmática de Rorty. (shrink)

A Expressão Questão maquiavélica foi popularizada por Isaiah Berlin ao ponderar sobre a fortuna crítica do pensamento político do secretário florentino. Há divergências entre as interpretações monocráticas e republicanas das obras de Machiavelli, as quais centram-se, especialmente, nas possíveis discrepâncias existentes entre Il Principe e os Discorsi. Diversos contextos históricos permitem múltiplas apropriações das ideias presentes nesses e outros textos desse autor: um pensador amoral na ausência das premissas religiosas; um republicano a lutar pela liberdade popular aos moldes dos pensamentos (...) iluministas e posteriormente românticos; um patriota a almejar a libertação e a unificação da Itália no Risorgimento; um nacionalista a compreender os limites dos interesses populares na ascensão do Fascismo; e tantas outras possibilidades receptivas. Todavia, na leitura dos textos de Machiavelli, destaca-se a criação de uma civilità, uma Ordem civil virtuosa a promover união entre os cidadãos, amor à Pátria e incentivo à defesa da Liberdade, a agir de acordo com necessidades específicas, evitando a Tirania, as facções e os privilégios de cidadãos particulares. Desse modo, em uma leitura do Discorso Reformare Stato di Firenze, em paralelos com temas e passagens específicas nos Discorsi e em Il Principe, constatam-se posições políticas plurais assumidas por Machiavelli de acordo com a necessidade e com a Ocasião, essas que corroboram a variedade na recepção de suas ideias e devem ser compreendidas em sua complementaridade em seus contextos iniciais. (shrink)

Arendt understands morality not in terms of maxims or moral principles, neither in their abstract nor in their relativistic acceptation. There is an original question raised by Arendt that has not been taken seriously enough. This question has powerful moral implications, for it directs us to choose our -company among men, among things, among thoughts, in the present as well as in the past-. This book is concerned with an ethics based on the visibility of our words and deeds, in (...) which, apart our intentions, appearance is ethically relevant. In the ethics of personal responsibility stands a fundamental dimension of choice able to bridge the self and the world, consciousness and experience. This ethics takes into account three levels of responsibility: responsibility towards ourselves, or how we make our presence in the world; responsibility to judge; and responsibility to the world through the consistency of our actions.". (shrink)

In this work we analyze the case of resistive conductor plates carrying constant currents, utilizing surface charge distributions. We obtain the electric potential in the plates and in the space surrounding them. We obtain a non-vanishing electric field outside the conductors. We compare the theoretical results with experimental data present in the literature.

Aunque las primeras lecturas y apropiaciones de textos de Michel Foucault en Argentina datan de fines de la década de 1950, nos interesa aquí detenernos en algunas de las formas de circulación, lectura, interpretación y apropiación de las elaboraciones foucaultianas bajo las condiciones impuestas por la última dictadura militar argentina. Esta propuesta tiene, entonces, como objetivo principal reconstruir históricamente y analizar algunas de esas apropiaciones que, entre fines de la década de 1970 y principios de los ’80, se manifestaron en (...) las Ciencias Sociales, en debates académicos y en producciones relacionadas con problemáticas locales, bajo la hipótesis de que es posible divisar la vitalidad de un espacio público subterráneo que subsistió aun en las peores condiciones de opresión. Tomar algunos de estos casos nos permitirá explorar usos estratégicos en el ámbito político-intelectual que ampliaban los márgenes de un espacio público sofocado. (shrink)

A fenomenologia de Renaud Barbaras é uma das poucas que continua hoje tentando aprofundar, de maneira original, o caminho aberto pela fenomenologia husserliana. Mas qual é, precisamente, o caminho escolhido por Barbaras para se inscrever na tradição fenomenológica? De que modo se insere no diálogo aberto por esta tradição? Neste texto, tentaremos repor os problemas e conceitos principais que nos permitem compreender a continuidade e a ruptura que apresenta a fenomenologia barbarasiana em relação a esta tradição, assim como alguns dos (...) limites de sua própria proposta. (shrink)

SummaryThis article focuses on the analysis of sensibility in the works of three major late eighteenth-century philosophers: Smith, Cabanis and the young Wilhelm von Humboldt. It analyses to what extent Smith's concept of sympathy influenced Cabanis in France and Humboldt in Germany. It argues that modern anthropology, based on a specific theory of sensibility, assumes a strong connection between knowledge acquisition and life in society. This article reveals the strong links between the three authors which were made possible precisely because (...) of their common philosophical background. It proves, for the first time, that Humboldt had access to Condillac's ideas before 1798, since in an early work on the state, the former makes numerous borrowings from speeches Cabanis wrote for Mirabeau, which were in turn strongly influenced by Condillac. (shrink)

A notória seção da Fenomenologia do espírito sobre a figura do senhor e do servo tem inspirado diversas tradições da filosofia social e política desde Hegel. Este artigo explora duas variantes interpretativas centrais dessa seção: a agonística, popularizada por Alexandre Kojève, enfatizando a luta de vida ou morte, e a reconciliatória, focada no reconhecimento recíproco. Como as duas leituras, embora opostas, encontram respaldo no texto hegeliano, propomos a hipótese de que isso se deve ao modo de apresentação da Fenomenologia, que (...) alterna entre as perspectivas da consciência natural e filosófica. Defendemos, então, que estas devem ser consideradas em sua interdependência a fim de evitar interpretações unilaterais. As apropriações críticas da “dialética do senhor e do escravo” feitas por Simone de Beauvoir e Frantz Fanon são mobilizadas, finalmente, para iluminar a ideia de que apreender a história como ela é experienciada é tão vital quanto descrevê-la como ela aparece “para nós”, filósofos. (shrink)

Este trabajo se propone examinar algunas características de la máscara del coquus en el corpus plautino. En primer término, se estudia el modo en que este personaje, a partir de las referencias al castigo físico y a la pasividad sexual, es construido como un cuerpo subordinado al servicio de otros. Luego, se consideran sus apariciones como ladrón y como proveedor de placeres corporales. Proponemos que la forma en que los cocineros son representados en la palliata de Plauto pone en evidencia (...) el vínculo que la axiología republicana establece entre actores sociales subalternos, corporalidad y amenaza a los mores maiorum. This paper examines some characteristics of the coquus mask in the plautine corpus. First, we study how this character, from references to physical punishment and sexual passivity, is built as a subordinate body to the service of others. Then, we consider his appearances as a thief and a provider of bodily pleasures. We propose that the way cooks are represented in Plautus' palliata shows us the link established by Republican axiology between subaltern social actors, body and threat to mores maiorum. (shrink)

Under the light of ancient Western philosophies, our darker moods like grief, anguish, and depression can seem irrational. When viewed through the lens of modern psychology, they can even look like mental disorders. The self-help industry, determined to sell us the promise of a brighter future, can sometimes leave us feeling ashamed that we are not more grateful, happy, or optimistic. Night Vision invites us to consider a different approach to life, one in which we stop feeling bad about feeling (...) bad. -/- In this powerful and disarmingly intimate book, Existentialist philosopher Mariana Alessandri draws on the stories of a diverse group of nineteenth- and twentieth-century philosophers and writers to help us see that our suffering is a sign not that we are broken but that we are tender, perceptive, and intelligent. Thinkers such as Audre Lorde, María Lugones, Miguel de Unamuno, C. S. Lewis, Gloria Anzaldúa, and Søren Kierkegaard sat in their anger, sadness, and anxiety until their eyes adjusted to the dark. Alessandri explains how readers can cultivate “night vision” and discover new sides to their painful moods, such as wit and humor, closeness and warmth, and connection and clarity. -/- Night Vision shows how, when we learn to embrace the dark, we begin to see these moods—and ourselves—as honorable, dignified, and unmistakably human. (shrink)

Draws from Latina feminism, existential phenomenology, and race theory to explore the concept of selfhood. This original study intertwining Latina feminism, existential phenomenology, and race theory offers a new philosophical approach to understanding selfhood and identity. Focusing on writings by Gloría Anzaldúa, María Lugones, and Linda Martín Alcoff, Mariana Ortega articulates a phenomenology that introduces a conception of selfhood as both multiple and singular. Her Latina feminist phenomenological approach can account for identities belonging simultaneously to different worlds, including immigrants, (...) exiles, and inhabitants of borderlands. Ortega’s project forges new directions not only in Latina feminist thinking on such issues as borders, mestizaje, marginality, resistance, and identity politics, but also connects this analysis to the existential phenomenology of Martin Heidegger and to such concepts as being-in-the-world, authenticity, and intersubjectivity. The pairing of the personal and the political in Ortega’s work is illustrative of the primacy of lived experience in the development of theoretical understandings of who we are. In addition to bringing to light central metaphysical issues regarding the temporality and continuity of the self, Ortega models a practice of philosophy that draws from work in other disciplines and that recognizes the important contributions of Latina feminists and other theorists of color to philosophical pursuits. Mariana Ortega is Professor of Philosophy at John Carroll University and coeditor (with Linda Martín Alcoff) of Constructing the Nation: A Race and Nationalism Reader, also published by SUNY Press. (shrink)

Cicero once stressed as the first law of history that “the historian must not dare to tell any falsehood.” This precept entails a minimal ethical requirement that remains unscathed by the whirlpools of epistemic relativism that have called many other aspects of professional historians’ practice into question in the last century or so. No commendable scholar seems willing to invalidate Cicero’s first law, and dependable scholarship—whether relying on objectivity-friendly or objectivity-hostile theoretical assumptions—follows shared standards of integrity and accuracy with which (...) someone from Cicero’s time, for instance, would never be able to comply. In this essay, I suggest that those two circumstances should dispose us more favorably toward a refreshed notion of historical objectivity pointing not only to epistemology but also to professional ethics. I address the condemnation of lying and, more generally, historians’ commitment to sincerity as a way to highlight the ethical dimension of history writing. By focusing on the deep but underexplored moral roots of objectivity, I argue that this concept is still very useful as both an analytical tool and a normative ideal. Objectivity, in the sense I underline here, does not stand in opposition to subjectivity—on the contrary, it is actually tied up with subjective dispositions, virtues, and skills that help shape responsible historiography. (shrink)

Resumo O propósito deste trabalho consiste em analisar criticamente uma recente proposta formulada por Needham no âmbito da Filosofia da Química. Este autor toma como essencialmente apropriado o modelo clássico de redução Nageliano. O objetivo fundamental deste trabalho consiste em avaliar certas implicações ontológicas desta tese neorreducionista. Em particular, a autora argumentará que a tese da redução interteórica formulada por Needham apresenta certas limitações, que advêm de uma atenção insuficiente a problemas ontológicos fundamentais. Sendo que estes emergem de uma análise (...) cuidada a algumas alegadas relações redutoras entre teorias. Palavras-chave : modelo nageliano, redução entre teorias, redução ontológica, reducionismo eliminativista, referenciaThe purpose of this paper is to analyse Needham’s recent proposal in the field of philosophy of chemistry. According to this proposal, Nagelian model of reduction is essentially appropriate. The primary aim of this paper is to evaluate certain ontological implications of this neo-reductionist thesis. Specifically, I will argue that Needham’s thesis of intertheoretic reduction has some limitations: the proposal does not pay attention to some fundamental ontological problems that emerge from a watchful analysis of some allegedly reductive relations between theories. Keywords: eliminative reductionism, Nagelian model, ontological reduction, reduction among theories, reference. (shrink)

Les Dissoi logoi posent de nombreux problèmes d’interprétation. Partant du troisième chapitre du traité, cette étude cherche à montrer que la soi-disant « thèse de l’identité » n’établit pas l’identité des prédicats opposés, mais leur relativité : certaines actions, telles que mentir, voler ou tuer, pourraient être considérées comme tantôt justes, tantôt injustes selon le kairos, c’est-à-dire le moment précis où il faut agir. Les vers de Cléobuline et d’Eschyle cités en faveur de celle-ci non seulement transmettent des exemples d’actions (...) normalement jugées injustes qui, dans certaines occasions, devraient être considérées comme justes, mais montrent aussi que la tâche créative des poètes et poétesses est un exemple de tromperie juste, ce qui constitue un argument additionnel en faveur de la thèse mentionnée. (shrink)

En los últimos años hemos asistido al surgimiento de toda una serie de conceptos ligados a la noción de vida y a las problemáticas que de ella se derivan. Las mismas que, hoy en día, se encuentran en boga en ámbitos tan diversos como la ciencia, la política, la cultura o los nuevos desarrollos económicos y tecnológicos. Sin embargo, y con este contexto histórico de fondo, la reflexión filosófica sobre el fenómeno de la vida resta aún por hacerse. En este (...) sentido, la aparición de una filosofía que se presenta a sí misma como una fenomenología de la vida cobra una actualidad e interés inusitados. Tal es el caso de la reciente obra de Renaud Barbaras Introduction à une phénoménologie de la vie (2008), de la que se ocupa el presente escrito, en el que intentaremos poner de relieve la problemática que el texto revela y sus posibles derivaciones. (shrink)

Au début de la deuxième partie du cours consacré à la notion de Nature au Collège de France pendant l?année universitaire 1956-1957 (« La science moderne et l?idée de Nature »), Merleau-Ponty établit de manière synthétique mais très claire toute la portée que garde à ses yeux la discussion autour de la notion de Nature . D?après notre auteur, il y aurait trois moments décisifs dans la construction historico-philosophique de cette notion. D?abord, une première conception, issue de « l?héritage aristotélicien (...) et stoï­cien » 1 , selon laquelle la Nature est une forme vers laquelle tendent téléo­logiquement les natures particulières. Ensuite survient un deuxième moment, « qui boule­verse l?idée de Nature » 2 , accompli par ceux que Merleau-Ponty appelle « les cartésiens » 3 . Cette vision générale culminerait avec Kant, après qui une troisième voie serait ouverte. Selon Merleau-Ponty, cette voie serait celle de Schelling, de Bergson et de Husserl 4 . Merleau-Ponty ne s?arrêtera point sur le premier grand moment de cette histoire, ni dans ce séminaire ni ailleurs. Il s?at­tachera, en revanche, très soigneusement à suivre l?évolution du con­cept de Nature tant dans la « tradition cartésienne » que dans le troisième moment qui lui est opposé. Le tournant des « cartésiens », dira Merleau-Ponty, est caractérisé par la radicalisation de la notion d? infini propre à la tradition. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThe paper discusses the housing crisis in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, a phenomenon that particularly affects the socioeconomically vulnerable. The paradigm adopted is the interpretative, with Critical Discourse Analysis as a theoretical framework and qualitative methodology. The Converging Linguistic Approaches Method is adopted. By studying a corpus of relevant legal texts, this paper explores the way in which the poor are constructed as subjects in City Law No. 3706, the only text where they feature as a dominant focus (...) category. To that end we need to deepen our understanding of the way in which the linguistic and discursive category of the poor as actors/subjects is constructed in the text. This paper also aims to show the ways in which linguistic discourse enquiry may use a qualitative analysis tool to shed light on social issues. (shrink)

En este trabajo me interesa mostrar el carácter paradojal de la compasión en tanto se trata de una emoción que oscila entre lo natural y lo normativo. No se trata de determinar el origen de la emoción. Mi objetivo es, de hecho, mucho más modesto: intentaré acentuar su valor moral y político. Gracias a ese pendular entre la naturaleza y la norma moral, la compasión pone en cuestionamiento las bases sobre las que se construye una comunidad ética, el rol que (...) juega el sufrimiento, y las consecuencias y los límites de esta emoción trágica como respuesta ético-política en el contexto contemporáneo. En un primer momento, señalaré algunos elementos clásicos que permitieron acentuar la naturalidad de la respuesta compasiva frente al sufrimiento. Luego, mostraré los aspectos sociales y normativos que configuran a la emoción como virtud política. Finalmente, a partir de las herramientas que Ricoeur ofrece en su “pequeña ética”, intentaré mostrar que la noción de solicitud permitiría sortear algunos de los problemas que plantea el carácter paradojal de la compasión. (shrink)

En Poética 1449a, Aristóteles ofrece un breve relato sobre las causas que le dieron origen a la poesía. Pese a las limitaciones de su descripción, ésta ofrece, a mi juicio, elementos para determinar algunas de las condiciones que hicieron posible la emergencia de la tragedia y permitieron que llegue a su estado actual. En este trabajo propongo, por un lado, enfatizar las conexiones entre una visión naturalista y una visión histórica que dan cuenta del proceso genealógico y, por otro, recuperar (...) las consideraciones que permiten discernir la forma y la materia que contribuyeron a que la tragedia se convierta en lo que es. (shrink)

Este artigo aborda o processo de legitimação da umbanda, uma religião afro-brasileira, presente hoje em todo Brasil e mesmo no exterior. Diferentes intérpretes apontam que essa religião surgiu no Sudeste brasileiro nas primeiras décadas do século XX. As práticas nominadas “macumba” e associadas aos negros podem ser pensadas como a origem da umbanda. O estigma do feitiço, atrelado às práticas religiosas afro-brasileiras desde o Brasil colônia, também foi a ela transposto. No intuito de afirmá-la como religião, alguns grupos buscaram uma (...) aproximação com o espiritismo kardecista, visando um certo “embranquecimento” de suas práticas e definindo-a como “genuinamente” brasileira. Outros grupos preferiram enaltecer sua herança africana. Este artigo focaliza, assim, as vias escolhidas por diferentes grupos, especialmente, na primeira metade do século XX, para afirmar como religião práticas antes consideradas feitiço. Para tanto, apresento uma leitura crítica da literatura que aborda a conformação da umbanda, bem como seu processo de legitimação enquanto religião. Além disso, analiso textos produzidos pelos próprios umbandistas. (shrink)

A última década da Guerra Fria foi turbulenta. Seu início apresentou tensão comparável àquela existente nos anos 1950 e princípio dos 1960. A partir de meados dos anos 1980, entretanto, houve distensão, o fim da Guerra Fria e a desintegração do próprio sistema internacional bipolar de poder. O cinema, como outras formas de produção cultural, foi instrumento de propaganda e mobilização durante toda a Guerra Fria. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a Guerra Fria se apresentou nos filmes de (...) maior bilheteria nos EEUU na década de 1980. O inimigo comunista é examinado nesses longas-metragens tendo como base a retórica reaganista do período.The Cold War and the Communist Enemy on the US Movie Theater Screens in the 1980s The last decade of the Cold War was a turbulent one. Its beginning showed tension comparable to that of the 1950s and early 1960s. As of the mid-1980s, however, there was a détente, the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the bipolar international power system. Movies, like other forms of cultural production, were tools for propaganda and mobilization throughout the Cold War. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the Cold War was shown in the 1980s movies with the highest box-office sales in the US. The Communist enemy is examined in these feature films according to the Reaganist rhetoric of the period. Resumen La Guerra Fría y el enemigo comunista en los cines norteamericanos de los años 1980 La última década de la Guerra Fría fue turbulenta. Su inicio presentó una tensión comparable a la existente en los años 1950 y principios de los años 1960. Sin embargo, a partir de mediados de los años 1980, hubo distensión, el fin de la Guerra Fría y la desintegración del propio sistema internacional bipolar de poder. El cine, como otras formas de producción cultural, fue instrumento de propaganda y movilización durante toda la Guerra Fría. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo la Guerra Fría se presentó en las películas de mayor taquilla en EEUU en la década de los 80'. El enemigo comunista es examinado en esos largometrajes, teniendo como base la retórica reaganista del período. (shrink)

At the end of the 19th century, most professional historians – wherever they existed – deemed history to be a form of knowledge ruled by a method that bears no resemblance with those most commonly traceable in the natural sciences. The bulk of the historian’s task was then frequently regarded as being the application of procedures frequently referred to as ‘historical method’. In the context of such an emerging interest on historical methods and methodology, at least three textbooks stand out: (...) Johann Gustav Droysen’s Grundriss der Historik (Outline of the Theory of History), Ernst Bernheim’s Lehrbuch der historischen Methode (Handbook of Historical Method), and Charles Langlois and Charles Seignobos’s Introduction aux études historiques (Introduction to the Study of History). These books were quite influential in Germany, France, and elsewhere, and they very much helped promote a general idea of historical method that would become relatively consensual among historians of many nationalities by the early 20th century. Such a relative agreement on historical method sponsored both the communication and the development of a sense of disciplinary identity among historians trained within different and sometimes conflicting national traditions. It was then partially extended, partially challenged, and surely made more complex when, from the 1920s on, social and economic historians became a good part of the historiographical establishment in many countries. -/- The three books by Droysen, Bernheim, and Langlois and Seignobos were already pieced together by Rolf Torstendahl, who studied them as a group of texts that, despite their differences, contributed to shape the developments outlined above. However, Torstendahl’s primary aim was to show how Droysen, Bernheim, and Seignobos all resorted to ‘method’ as a way to circumvent skepticism against the possibility of historical knowledge, rather than investigate the internal interrelationships between the three texts. In this chapter I follow precisely this latter, not yet taken, road, focusing on crucial cross-references between the Grundriss, the Lehrbuch, and the Introduction. I intend to show that, at a general level, the schemes of historical method found in these texts are largely convergent, and that this convergence is due to Bernheim’s reading of Droysen and to Langlois and Seignobos’s reading of Bernheim. I will attempt to do it through a regressive approach that starts with an analysis of the Introduction. Aspects of the editorial history and circulation of the three texts will also be briefly addressed, as a way to illustrate their special importance within the framework of early 20th century historical theory. Because my argument calls for a focus on the most general lines of Droysen’s, Bernheim’s, and Langlois and Seignobos’s schemes of historical method, I will, for the sake of consistency, refrain from analysing in-depth the complex epistemological and ontological arguments in which those schemes are nested. (shrink)

The aim of this essay is to analyze the notion of “loving, knowing ignorance,” a type of “arrogant perception” that produces ignorance about women of color and their work at the same time that it proclaims to have both knowledge about and loving perception toward them. The first part discusses Marilyn Frye's accounts of “arrogant” as well as of “loving” perception and presents an explanation of “loving, knowing ignorance.” The second part discusses the work of Audre Lorde, Elizabeth Spelman, and (...) María Lugones in their attempts to deal with the issue of arrogant perception within feminism, and examines how Lugones's notion of “‘world’-traveling” may help us deal with “loving, knowing ignorance.” Ultimately, the author suggests that we need to become aware of instances of “loving, knowing ignorance,” especially if we are to stay true to Third Wave feminism's commitment to diversity. (shrink)

Mariana Tatrchuk. Guaranteeing of Freedom of Conscience and Religions in European Union and Ukraine. In this article analysis legal protection of functioning of religious denominations in European Union and Ukraine in the context of compliance with international law and law of European Union.

It matters that we learn to walk our brave decolonizing talks. … Coalitions that are productive are based on principled associations of mutual understanding and respect, not just declarations of solidarity that mean well but because of privileges of class, "race" or ethnicity, gender, and sexuality do not engage the work of transforming such subjectivity.Silences, when heard, become the negotiating spaces for the decolonizing subject.In this article I reflect about "decolonial woes"—not the misfortunes and distress that are associated with expressions (...) such as "woe is me" but a kind of affliction that is inherent in resistant academic practices that despite their being resistant, even radical and transformative, are... (shrink)

Historical objectivity is a polysemic concept whose genesis and validity merit more non-polemical attention than it usually receives. As a notion that encapsulates the special applications of the language of objectivity to methodological and ethical issues faced by historical scholars all across the human sciences, it will be addressed here from a perspective that combines conceptual history, history of ideas, and theoretical reflection. A peculiar mode of claiming objectivity will be at focus, one that assumes that historians can bring together (...) two attitudes often regarded as mutually contradictory: objectivity and engagement. My main assertion is that from at least the mid 19th century a new avenue for historical thought was opened, as a few intellectuals challenged the traditional requirement that histories be written sine ira et studio; and especially as they did so while at the same time upholding a strong commitment to the value of research. I intend to show how in the mode of engaged objectivity, a disposition like anger, which was traditionally taken to be a historiographical vice, was turned into a potential virtue. This general point will be illustrated with a case study of the underlying motives and the structural configurations of Alexandre Herculano's History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal, a confessedly committed, utterly critical, and sometimes furious research-based historical account. (shrink)